West Nile virus spreads in Italy, prompting stricter measures

The West Nile virus is spreading in Italian holiday regions, raising health concerns. Authorities in affected areas are intensifying prevention and control efforts to curb the outbreak.

The West Nile virus, a disease typically found in subtropical regions, is now spreading in Italy. The virus was first reported in a holiday region last year and has since spread, particularly in the Emilia-Romagna region. Raffaele Donini, the Health Policy Councillor in Bologna, emphasized the need for intensified prevention and control measures, especially in the cities of Bologna, Modena, and Reggio Emilia, where a significant increase in infections has been reported. As of August 7, a total of 52 cases have been confirmed since the beginning of May, according to the Italian Higher Institute of Health (ISS).

Stricter prevention efforts in Emilia-Romagna

To combat the spread, extensive disinfection measures are being implemented in the affected cities, with efforts expected to continue until September 30. Hospitals, social facilities, and outdoor evening events are particularly targeted due to the increased activity of the Culex mosquito, which transmits the virus during the evening and night. Donini noted that the rise in cases is especially pronounced in the lower-lying areas of Bologna, Reggio Emilia, and Modena.

Spread of the virus across Italy

In addition to Emilia-Romagna, the West Nile virus has been detected in eight other regions: Lombardy, Veneto, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Abruzzo, Campania, Apulia, and Sardinia. The West Nile virus is part of a group of viruses that includes the pathogens responsible for Dengue fever and Oropouche fever, with mosquitoes typically transmitting the virus after biting an infected bird.

Symptoms and concerns over climate change

The Robert Koch Institute highlights several symptoms associated with the West Nile virus, including fever, chills, headaches, back pain, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and rash. While most infections are mild, some patients may develop benign meningitis. Currently, there is no vaccine for the virus. Experts warn that climate change may be facilitating the spread of such diseases, as higher temperatures allow mosquitoes to reproduce more quickly and transmit the virus more effectively. The Oropouche fever, another mosquito-borne illness, has already reached Germany, with two travelers contracting the virus.